mysql5.7在centos7下的安装教程

注意事项

• 本次使用的是 CentOS7 + MySQL 5.7.32 其他版本的 5.7 MySQL 应该也支持
• 本次不提供安装包，但提供安装包的下载地址，均为官网下载地址
• 如果报出权限不足的异常请在涉及到的命令前面加上 sudo，如果无法解决请联系系统管理员分配权限

安装步骤

1.去官网下载rpm包，使用命令

wget \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 

为了方便，来下载页面描述一下我们下载了那些 rpm

2.把他们下载到 CentOS 的 /usr/local/src 目录下，如图显示

3.然后安装这些安装包，注意有依赖，需要联网
使用命令：

yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4.开启服务器并初始化密码，使用的命令和命令详解：

# 开启MySQL服务器
systemctl start mysqld
# 查看默认生成的密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

使用该密码登录本地 MySQL 服务器，使用命令：

mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p

然后输入以下命令修改默认密码：

# 设置密码等级
set global validate_password_length=4;
set global validate_password_policy=0;
# 修改默认密码，注意替换后面的密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '您的密码';
我们退出后发现密码已经设置完成

5.设置 root 账户远程登陆（此步骤如果不需要可以跳过），进入到 MySQL 命令行使用命令：

use `mysql`;

# 注意将密码替换掉

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '您的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

开放3306端口

[root@localhost sysconfig]# cd /etc/sysconfig/
[root@localhost sysconfig]# vim iptables
#添加代码如下
-A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

6.现在我们使用 show variables like 'character%'; 命令查看字符集看到一些字符集默认还是拉丁文，我们需要将他们改成 UTF-8

我们修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件来修改这个配置，使用命令：

vim /etc/my.cnf
修改之后：

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重点注意修改部分：

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8

使用命令 systemctl restart mysqld 重启MySQL服务器后再查看：

7.开启mysql的日志归档模式

查看mysql的日志归档状态

show variables like 'log_%';

编辑mysql的配置文件：vim /etc/my.cnf 在mysqld下添加以下内容

server_id=2
log_bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=ROW

重启mysql，systemctl restart mysqld，然后进入mysql查看